https://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/issue/feedJàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies2024-03-07T08:43:43+01:00AOSIS Publishingsubmissions@jamba.org.zaOpen Journal Systems<a id="readmorebanner" href="/index.php/jamba/pages/view/journal-information" target="_self">Read more</a> <img style="padding-top: 2px;" src="/public/web_banner.svg" alt="" />https://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/article/view/1476Urban flooding: Coping with Weija Dam spillage by downstream communities in Ghana2024-03-07T08:43:43+01:00Gloria Asareafiadromo@gmail.comMichael Tuffourmtuffour@uesd.edu.gh<p>This study adds to knowledge by specifically focusing on the dam spillage-induced floods within a fast-urbanising city with weak law enforcement in a developing country. Employing a sequential mixed-method approach, we first selected and analysed data from 120 respondents through a survey and complemented it with key informants residing in the communities affected by flooding. The findings revealed that dramatic ramifications of dam spillage-induced floods disrupt the livelihoods of many individuals in the form of disruption to income-generating activities and substantial property loss. Notwithstanding the devastating effect of the dam spillage, residents lack advance and adequate preparedness. In coping with such challenges, most flood victims rely on support from nongovernmental sources. The challenge of flooding from the dam spillage is multifaceted and deeply rooted in complex factors which includes growing urbanisation, poor urban planning and weak law enforcement. Residents’ adaptive strategies remain limited, demonstrating a dearth of resilience against such shocks.</p><p><strong>Contribution:</strong> In light of these challenges, the authors advocate a close collaborative working partnerships among stakeholders to provide flood risk management interventions, strategic planned dam spillage that minimises the effect of dam spillage-induced floods on the local communities, early warning systems and planning and enforcement of building regulations.</p>2024-03-06T06:00:00+01:00Copyright (c) 2024 Gloria Asare, Michael Tuffourhttps://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/article/view/1582A comparative study of earthquake disaster management laws between USA and Indonesia2024-03-01T14:14:59+01:00Ardianto B. Rahmawanardianto.budi@mail.ugm.ac.idGabriela Elianagabrielaeliana@mail.ugm.ac.idLatif A. Habibilatif.adiatma.habibi@mail.ugm.ac.idAlyca A. Nariswarialyca.azka.nariswari@mail.ugm.ac.id<p>The frequent occurrence of disasters because of Indonesia’s geographical location within the Ring of Fire calls for effective disaster-management efforts. With the issuance of Law No. 24 of 2007 on Disaster Management, the Indonesian National Disaster Management Agency (Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana or BNPB) was subsequently established. Keeping in mind previous disasters in Indonesia which occur in different regions, that is, Palu and Aceh Tsunami, Cianjur earthquake, and Mount Merapi, Indonesia’s disaster-management law is general and lacks technical guidelines in addressing the needs of the various regions and the different contours of geography. This article aims to analyse existing Indonesian regulatory and agency problems in disaster management by conducting a normative and comparative approach between the disaster management policy in the United States of America (USA) and Indonesia. The authors chose the USA’s disaster-management policy in particular as most comparative studies on disaster management law do not involve the USA despite the State’s ability to provide a comprehensive and consistent policy in the midst of the decentralisation of responsibilities with the numerous states. The authors conclude that according to existing disaster-management laws in USA and Indonesia, the government is obligated to fulfil its citizens’ rights in the event of natural disasters. Furthermore, noting the issues that exist within the Indonesian disaster-management system, Indonesia can adopt the best practices of the USA to improve its disaster-management system. Among others, Indonesia can learn from the USA in the fields of accountability and transparency amongst agencies, the development of Early Warning Systems, an improved system of interagency cooperation, as well as the provision of specific disaster-management assistance.</p><p><strong>Contribution:</strong> The findings of this study are expected to serve as evaluation material and to improve government effectiveness in dealing with natural disasters.</p>2024-02-22T07:07:00+01:00Copyright (c) 2024 Ardianto B. Rahmawan, Gabriela Eliana, Latif A. Habibi, Alyca A. Nariswarihttps://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/article/view/1565Research methods challenges: A case study of preparedness in The Bahamas2024-03-01T14:14:59+01:00Trevor O. Johnson Jrtrevorjohnson271@gmail.comJessica Jensenja.jensen@ndsu.edu<p>Disaster research is essential for developing more robust and contextualised policies. It is, therefore, no surprise that multilateral organisations like the United Nations and the World Bank have called for enhanced disaster-related frameworks, legislation and policies in developing countries using quality data. However, internal and external researchers and practitioners often face significant challenges collecting data in these nations because of a range of problems including, but not limited to, incomplete sampling frames, inadequate infrastructure or unstable governments. This reality leads one to question: is the cart coming before the horse? This study explored individual and household (IH) preparedness in The Bahamas – a small island developing state in the Caribbean. An online survey was used, and 629 Bahamians opted to participate. However, the researchers faced many barriers to collecting representative data. This case study, therefore, discusses the range of methodological challenges faced by the researchers and their impact on this study.</p><p><strong>Contribution:</strong> This article substantially contributes to the disaster literature by exploring the challenges associated with conducting IH preparedness research in The Bahamas. This article also reminds practitioners and academics of the issues associated with collecting data in developing nations and its implications for policy enhancement and development. Furthermore, the authors present various recommendations ranging from enhanced funding to recognising the need for methodological innovation to support continuous research in countries like The Bahamas.</p>2024-02-07T06:00:00+01:00Copyright (c) 2024 Trevor O. Johnson Jr, Jessica Jensenhttps://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/article/view/1437Discrepancy of the law on disaster emergency in Indonesia: In search of an integrated law2024-02-01T12:53:37+01:00M. Yakub Aiyub Kadirm.yakub.akadir@unsyiah.ac.idTeuku Ahmad Dadektadadek@gmail.comAzhari Yahyam.yakub.akadir@unsyiah.ac.idAditya Rivaldimsyahbandir@unsyiah.ac.id<p>The emergency status is a critical factor in handling disasters in Indonesia, particularly for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It provides adequate access for the Government to reduce legal bureaucracy and facilitate expenditure. However, it has faced difficulties in its application as it does not have an explicit reference to existing emergency-related disaster laws. This article investigates this discrepancy in terms of the meaning of emergency status within the legal framework in Indonesia. This study uses the doctrinal method to explore six various laws related to disaster emergencies and analyse their discrepancies that have adversely impacted the management of COVID-19. The article finds that the term ‘disaster emergencies’ in the Indonesian legal system has different legal interpretations and a lack of standardisation, making their execution difficult.</p><p><strong>Contribution:</strong> This article significantly highlights the normative issues of determining disaster emergencies and their status in six different disaster-related laws. It provides an alternative approach to mainstream thinking by proposing amendments to the Infectious Disease Outbreak Law as an integrated law to ensure legal certainty, benefit, and fairness for the people in handling potential pandemics in Indonesia in the years to come.</p>2024-02-01T06:00:00+01:00Copyright (c) 2024 M. Yakub Aiyub Kadir, Teuku Ahmad Dadek, Azhari Yahya, Aditya Rivaldihttps://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/article/view/1566Dissemination and participation in early warnings and disaster risk reduction in South Africa2024-02-01T12:53:37+01:00Collins Muhamebugashecm@gmail.comAlice NcubencubeA@ufs.ac.zaYonas T. BahtaBahtay@ufs.ac.za<p>Governments cannot effectively manage and handle disasters, particularly at the local community level, without actively engaging vulnerable people. The key to achieving sustainability in disaster recovery is community participation and information dissemination. The informal settlements’ lack of access to information and public engagement hampered their ability to recovery, thus prompting this study. Therefore, many cities and intervention partnerships faced information and participation gaps in disaster risk reduction (DRR). The study’s rationale was to determine the participation and communication of Khayalitjha household heads, regarding DRR information dissemination for sustainable human settlement, using a cross-sectional household survey of 295 household heads from Khayalitjha in situ informal settlement in the Free State provinces of South Africa. The security of dwelling unit tenure concept was an indirect indicator used to measure social resilience. The key findings revealed that community volunteers, ward committee members and most of the respondents, were responsible for initiating the DRR and disaster preparedness planning process. This indicated that local government needs to strengthen the human resource capacity building for DRR management information dissemination at a local level. The church, school, WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram were the preferred modes of communication for early warnings of disaster information.</p><p><strong>Contribution:</strong> Despite advocating for a multidisciplinary stakeholder approach, urban DRR studies tend to ignore communities in high disaster-risk areas. Employing social resilience, it aims to extend the DRR information dissemination strategy to in situ informal settlements beyond the communication and public participation advocacy strategies of local municipal urban cities.</p>2024-01-31T07:00:00+01:00Copyright (c) 2024 Collins Muhame, Alice Ncube, Yonas T. Bahtahttps://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/article/view/1562Erratum: Determinants of health volunteer training in natural hazard management in Iran2024-02-01T12:53:37+01:00Fereshteh F. Aminifereshtehamini@modares.ac.irAlireza A. Hidarniahidarnia@modares.ac.irFazlollah F. Ghofranipourghofranf@modares.ac.irMohammad E. Motlaghmotlagh_me@ajums.ac.irAbdul Majid RahPimarezaimahdy395@gmail.comNavvab Shamspourrezaimahdy395@gmail.com<p>No abstract available.</p>2024-01-11T06:00:00+01:00Copyright (c) 2024 Fereshteh F. Amini, Alireza A. Hidarnia, Fazlollah F. Ghofranipour, Mohammad E. Motlagh, Abdul Majid RahPima, Navvab Shamspourhttps://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/article/view/1491Revisiting frameworks: Have they helped us reduce disaster risk?2024-01-11T09:54:27+01:00Ben Wisnerbwisner@igc.orgIrasema Alcántara-Ayalaialcantara@geografia.unam.mx<p>Owing to the increasing impact of disasters worldwide, there is a recognised need for putting theory into relevant and effective practice in disaster risk reduction (DRR). Substantial research has been oriented on reducing loss of life, injury, livelihoods and infrastructure disruption. In this paper, we gathered the main insights derived from the reflections of the earlier work of authors or co-authors of frameworks for understanding disaster risk.</p><p><strong>Contribution:</strong> The findings add to our understanding of how bridging the gap between science and policymaking to manage disaster risk is shaped. This review showed evidence that disaster risk research and interaction among relevant DRR stakeholders have evolved. The degree of decisions, resource allocations and actions of state and non-state actors are influenced by applying such frameworks. However, limitations on resources in the policy-making spheres may require prioritisation but also new challenges in terms of responsibility, accountability and effective disaster risk governance.</p>2023-12-30T06:00:00+01:00Copyright (c) 2023 Ben Wisner, Irasema Alcántara-Ayalahttps://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/article/view/1486A bibliometric and systematic review of the Methods for the Improvement of Vulnerability Assessment in Europe framework: A guide for the development of further multi-hazard holistic framework2024-01-11T09:54:27+01:00Ali Jamshedali.jamshed@ireus.uni-stuttgart.deIrfan A. Ranaali.jamshed@ireus.uni-stuttgart.deJoern Birkmannjoern.birkmann@ireus.uni-stuttgart.deJoanna M. McMillanjoanna.mcmillan@ireus.uni-stuttgart.deStefan Kienbergerstefan.kienberger@sbg.ac.at<p>Conceptual frameworks are vital for identifying relevant components, dimensions and indicators to assess vulnerability to natural hazards and climatic change. Given the fact that vulnerability is applied and used in various disciplines and by multiple schools of thought, several conceptual frameworks to assess and conceptualise vulnerability have been developed. Even though these frameworks have been widely cited in research, the range and context of application and contextual use of such frameworks have rarely been explored. This paper provides a systematic review of the MOVE (Methods for the Improvement of Vulnerability Assessment in Europe) framework. Bibliometric and systematic analyses were performed to better understand who and how the MOVE framework has been taken up by other researchers. The MOVE framework has been widely cited in different research fields. Several studies directly used the framework for assessing vulnerability both in terms of its factors and the different thematic dimensions of vulnerability (e.g. social, physical, ecological). Some studies have used it as a basis for developing context-specific studies of vulnerability and risk assessment frameworks. Finally, we also discuss critiques of the MOVE framework that can provide direction for future vulnerability assessments.</p><p><strong>Contribution:</strong> Critique of the MOVE framework can be helpful in further improvement and development of a multi-hazard holistic framework that would be flexible enough to support multiple theoretical perspectives in disaster risk and climate change discourses.</p>2023-12-27T08:00:00+01:00Copyright (c) 2023 Ali Jamshed, Irfan A. Rana, Joern Birkmann, Joanna M. McMillan, Stefan Kienbergerhttps://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/article/view/1588The dialectics of disaster: Considerations on hazards and vulnerability in the age of climate breakdown, with a brief case study of Khuzestan2024-01-11T09:54:27+01:00Andreas Malmandreas.malm@hek.lu.se<p>In a historical moment inundated by disasters, understanding and conceptualising the phenomenon is a matter of some importance. No framework for doing so has been more productive than that developed by Wisner and his colleagues. But their so-called ‘Progression of Vulnerability’ (pressure and release [PAR] model) framework was conceived before the onset of the climate crisis. And that crisis, as the saying goes, changes everything.</p><p><strong>Contribution:</strong> What follows is an immanent critique of the framework, with an eye towards shifting some of its parameters in order to account for the process of climate breakdown now multiplying disasters across the globe.</p>2023-12-26T06:12:00+01:00Copyright (c) 2023 Andreas Malmhttps://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/article/view/1503Factors in the disaster mitigation process for micro and small culinary enterprises in Indonesia2024-01-11T09:54:27+01:00Muzakar Isamuzakar.isa@ums.ac.id<p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has predisposed most business activities, including the culinary business. The higher the vulnerability rating of a business, the more significant the risk. This study aims to analyse the vulnerability of businesses based on the dimensions of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity to determine priority factors in disaster risk mitigation in order to maintain business continuity. This research was conducted in Surakarta City, Central Java province, Indonesia. The sample was selected using purposive random sampling based on business experience of at least two years, and were not hawkers. Data collection was carried out through structured interviews. This study utilised a qualitative approach using an index. The vulnerability model was developed to assess the vulnerability of culinary businesses to COVID-19. COVID-19 is a threat in the health industry from the macro external environment of business. It is considered the exposure dimension. The sensitivity dimension consists of business characteristics, business owner-manager demographics, and product and supplier characteristics. The demographic dimension of the business owner-manager has high vulnerability and has a high contribution to the sensitivity variable as the most vulnerable variable. The adaptive capacity dimension consists of human capital, economic capital, institutional capital, managerial capital, and supply chain capital. Managerial competencies are an adaptive capacity dimension that has a high vulnerability. The vulnerability of business to the threat of the COVID-19 pandemic is a model for culinary business managers and owners in determining priority factors in disaster risk mitigation in order to maintain business continuity.</p><p><strong>Contribution:</strong> This study analysed the vulnerability of culinary businesses for micro and small businesses. Low vulnerability means high resilience. Business resilience is conceptualised as a production function that is predisposed by various combinations of inputs from exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity variables.</p>2023-12-23T06:06:00+01:00Copyright (c) 2023 Muzakar Isa